The mom-of-one showed off her toned physique as she ran into the pool, but fudged the landing with her legs splaying out as she entered the water.
captioned the video: "Gracefully diving into this next year...
She emerged from the water laughing as her brunette waves fell around her face.
Many of her 9.6million followers could not believe the Hollywood superstar could look so good for her age.
One fan wrote: "how are you 56!?!?"
While another said: "what’s your secret to looking sooo beautiful?? 😭😭"
A third added: "you don’t age AT ALL"
And a fourth commented: "56 and you still look amazing! happy birthday courteney! ❤️"
Courteney chose the New Radicals' 1998 song You Get What You Give to play over the video as she vibrantly ran towards the water.
The actress was not always so keen on getting older and previously admitted she had a "hard time" with aging.
She then overdid it on fillers to try and maintain her young looks but had them diluted when she could no longer recognize herself.
She told People: "You have to accept getting older, and that’s something that I had a hard time doing.
"I didn’t realize it until one day I kind of stepped back and went, ‘Oh, I don’t look like myself.'
"Now I just embrace who I am and getting older with what God gave me, not what I was trying to change."
Her former Friends co-star and close friend Lisa Kudrow wished Courteney a happy birthday on Instagram.
She shared series of intimate snaps from the course of their friendship alongside a sweet message.
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Lisa wrote: "Happy birthday my genius generous gorgeous grounded great good FRIEND I love you."
It's been a big week of celebrations for Courteney who is engaged to Northern Irish singer Johnny McDaid.
Her daughter Coco from her first marriage to David Arquette turned 16 just a few days before her mom's birthday.
Courteney share an adorable throwback vid of Coco at an ice skating rink to mark the milestone.
She wrote: "Happy sweet 16th cocolo. You’re my little quirk of the universe. I love you."