Last surviving man of Amazon’s Juma tribe dies of mutant Covid spread by invading loggers
AN exterminated Brazilian tribe’s last surviving man has died from Covid-19 which is ripping through indigenous communities thanks to invading loggers.
Aruká Juma, who was aged between 86 and 90, was the last Juma man left from a tribe that once numbered 15,000 before the Amazon variant of Covid broke out.
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But by 2002 just five Juma people were left — Mr Juma, his three daughters and a grandchild — because of repeated massacres in the 20th century.
Because he was the last fluent speaker of the tribe’s language, his death means many of the tribe’s traditions and rituals have been forever lost.
In 2016 Juma told photographer Gabriel Uchida: "We were many before the rubber tappers and the prospectors came to kill all the Juma people.
"Back then, the Juma were happy. Now there is only me."
As a teenager in the 1960s, Mr Juma witnessed the killings as the outsiders intruded on their land.
More than 60 Juma are thought to have been killed, with just seven remaining alive.
Back then, the Juma were happy... now there is only me...
Aruká Juma
They then decided to move in with another group, the Uru-eu-wau-wau, where his daughters married.
It comes as the country as seen the emergence of the new, more contagious, mutant P1 strain in the second wave, with the medic urging the UK - and all nations - not to make the same mistakes as seen in Brazil
Uncontacted and isolated Amazon tribes face being “wiped out” by the mutant Brazilian Covid strain as the government has been accused of genocide by campaigners.
Activists claim invading loggers, miners and landgrabbers are spreading coronavirus to the sprawling rainforest's indigenous people, who have little immunity to most diseases, with the virus killing ten children recently in one village.
Sarah Shenker, from tribe conservation charity Survival International, told The Sun Online: "Where invaders are present, coronavirus could wipe out whole peoples. It’s a matter of life and death."
The Coordinating Body for Indigenous Organizations in the Brazilian Amazon (APIB), says death rate among the tribes is a staggering 58 per cent higher than the general population.
And meanwhile, the infection rate is 68 per cent higher.
So far more than 970 have been reported to have died from the virus, but it is feared this could be tip of the iceberg.
And the new more spreadable Brazilian variant threatens to rip through the remote and uncontacted tribes.
Where invaders are present, coronavirus could wipe out whole peoples
Sarah Shenker, Survival International
APIB lawyer Eloy Terena told Sun Online that 114 isolated and recently contacted Indigenous groups are in danger as the new more virulent strain emerged in Brazil.
He said: "We have been living a very serious moment in our country.
"The current Brazilian government has implemented an indigenous policy that is extremely harmful to Indigenous peoples."
Mr Terena added: "These are cultures and languages. that we will never recover."
Ms Shenker told The Sun Online: "If their lands are properly protected from outsiders, uncontacted tribes — those who avoid contact with mainstream society — should be relatively safe from the coronavirus pandemic.
"But many of their territories are being invaded and stolen for logging, mining and agribusiness, with the encouragement of President Bolsonaro, who has virtually declared war on Brazil’s indigenous peoples."
Far-right Brazilian President Jair Bolsonaro has been accused of carrying out genocide by encouraging loggers to invade parts of the Amazon where many tribes live.
The champion of tree felling and a climate change sceptic, he has said wouldn't give up "one centimetre more" of land to indigenous communities.
Last year, a global coalition of artists, celebrities, scientists and intellectuals warned in an open letter to Bolsonaro his policies combined with the pandemic put the tribes "on the even of genocide".
He has also been blamed for many failures in Brazil's handling of the Covid-crisis - dismissing the virus as just a "flu" and spreading anti-vax conspiracies.
Even last week he was railing against masks and telling his people to "stop whining" about the killer virus, despite the emergence of the new strain P1 as Brazil is now hitting record highs for daily deaths.
Besides uncontacted tribes, the pandemic has blighted many other indigenous people given their communal ways of life which can encourage its spread within communities.
In many cases their geographical distance from hospitals on which they generally rely only to treat diseases brought by non-indigenous society.
Some indigenous people in Brazil are now being vaccinated following a huge amount of pressure from the indigenous movement.
But last month it emerged Evangelical Christian missionaries, many from the West, were stoking fears of the vaccine.
Claudemir da Silva, is an Apurinã leader representing indigenous communities on the Purus River, a tributary of the Amazon.
He told Reuters by phone, he said: “It’s not happening in all villages, just in those that have missionaries or evangelical chapels where pastors are convincing the people not to receive the vaccine, that they will turn into an alligator and other crazy ideas.”
Patients with the P1 mutation from the Amazon have been found to suffer for days longer and have a viral load ten times higher than with other variants.
Experts have warned the dangerous new Covid strain could be three times more infectious than other types, and vaccines might not be so effective.
The P1 mutation was first detected in jungle city Manaus, where it spread like wildfire as cemeteries filled with hundreds of new graves.
It has become the dominant strain elsewhere in Brazil, driving an alarming rise in deaths and infections.
Brazil has the second highest number of deaths and the third highest number of cases in the world - with 259,402 fatalities from 10.7million patients.
It saw two consecutive days of record high deaths on March 2 and March 3, with 1,726 and 1,840.
Doctors and nurses have pleaded for help as hospitals are running out of oxygen and refrigerator trucks are wheeled in to store bodies.
Hospitals face being overwhelmed, with some now working at more than 90 per cent capacity.
Amazonas' state capital Manaus has been placed into a state of emergency for six months as the numbers of patients surpassed their first wave highs.
Temporary morgues are also being erected to hold up to 22,000 coffins as a 100 burials are being registered every day in Manaus.
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Fabio Biolchini, field coordinator for Doctors Without Borders in Manaus, told The Sun Online about life on the frontlines.
The health worker said: "One of the most difficult parts was to see these people dying without dignity, sometimes sitting on a plastic chair because there were no beds.
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"Patients were dying with dozens of people in the same room, with family members there crying beside them and all of them unable to do anything.
"To die in such a way is very undignified. Without privacy, without being surrounded by family. It was very sad to see this every day and many times."
